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The Development of an Integrally Geared Centrifugal Compressor
Cheng Xu,
Hanqian Yang,
Yandan Jiang,
Zhongwei Yi
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
1-9
Received:
26 September 2018
Accepted:
8 April 2019
Published:
23 May 2019
Abstract: Integrally geared centrifugal compressors have been widely used in industry especially. Reliable design, good performance, low noise, no resonant frequencies in the operating range and cost effective machining and casting parts are the goals of the design. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools have been widely used to optimize the impeller, diffuser and volute designs. Many design considerations are useful for compressor preliminary parameter selections and compressor package designs. In this paper, the detailed development and design of a integrally geared centrifugal compressor are discussed. Some initial design considerations for compressor configureuration, power distribution for each stage, and possible field application issues are discussed in details. The aerodynamic and structural optimization using CFD and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are performed to obtain a high efficiency and wide operating range compressor with robust operation. The new compressor development process addressed in this paper provides the basic design guidance for future new integrally geared compressor development.
Abstract: Integrally geared centrifugal compressors have been widely used in industry especially. Reliable design, good performance, low noise, no resonant frequencies in the operating range and cost effective machining and casting parts are the goals of the design. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools have been widely used to optimize the impeller, diff...
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Review on Performance Optimization of Absorption Heat Pump Systems Based on Finite-Time Thermodynamics
Paiguy Armand Ngouateu Wouagfack,
Brigitte Astrid Medjo Nouadje,
Noël Djongyang,
Réné Tchinda
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
10-27
Received:
23 March 2019
Accepted:
28 April 2019
Published:
27 May 2019
Abstract: Most of industrial processes use a lot of thermal energy by burning fossil fuel to produce steam or heat for the purpose. After the processes, heat is rejected to the surrounding as waste. The absorption heat pump is becoming more important because it can be powered by these industrial energy wastes and hence, it poses no danger to the environment. In this paper, a literature review of the theoretical finite-time thermodynamic-based performance optimization of absorption heat pump systems independent of the used mixtures is presented. The review describes and discusses the performance objective functions for the various absorption heat pump cycle models. It covers the endoreversible and irreversible three-heat-source cycle models, four-heat-source cycle models and absorption heat transformer cycles with respect to the following aspects: the heat transfer law models, the effect of heat resistance and other irreversible loss models on the performance. Findings from published works considering the heating load, the coefficient of performance, the total heat transfer area, the thermo-economic function, the ecological function, the exergy-based ecological function and the ecological coefficient of performance as objective functions have been summarized in a table. It appears that design parameters based on the maximum of the ecological coefficient of performance conditions represent a best compromise between the heating load and the loss rate of availability.
Abstract: Most of industrial processes use a lot of thermal energy by burning fossil fuel to produce steam or heat for the purpose. After the processes, heat is rejected to the surrounding as waste. The absorption heat pump is becoming more important because it can be powered by these industrial energy wastes and hence, it poses no danger to the environment....
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Characterization of Surface Water Components in Northern Sudan Using Raman Spectroscopy
Sufyan Sharafedin Mohammed,
Abdelmoneim Mohammed Awadelgied,
Sohad Saad El Wakeel,
Ahmed Abubaker Mohamed
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
28-35
Received:
31 March 2019
Accepted:
5 May 2019
Published:
31 May 2019
Abstract: Most population in northern Sudan are supplied by surface water sources directly from the Nile for drinking and irrigation purposes. As noted, most of them suffer from chronic diseases such as cancer and kidney failure. Water is expected to be a major and direct cause of these diseases, so the aim of this study is to identify the components of surface water in northern Sudan using Raman spectroscopy. Surface water Samples were collected from the Nile in different regions. The samples were analyzed at room temperature using Raman spectrometer model Horiba Lab RAM HR D3. The results showed that the samples contain different materials, beside the water, with different amounts; like: aromatic molecules, ester, salts, amides, phenol, alkynes and acids. From the results we have found that the water contains many toxic compounds such as cyanide, nitrate and phenol, which is one of the most important causes of cancer and renal failure. As well as can cause oxidize the iron atoms in hemoglobin from ferrous iron (II) to ferric iron (III), rendering it unable to carry oxygen. This process can lead to generalized lack of oxygen in organ tissue and a dangerous condition called methemoglobinemia.
Abstract: Most population in northern Sudan are supplied by surface water sources directly from the Nile for drinking and irrigation purposes. As noted, most of them suffer from chronic diseases such as cancer and kidney failure. Water is expected to be a major and direct cause of these diseases, so the aim of this study is to identify the components of surf...
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